The heart muscle receives its blood supply from the right and left coronary arteries. Blood from the gut flows directly to the liver, via the hepatic portal vein.

Heart 1, Structure and function

Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the pulmonary artery?
a. the left atrium
b. the right atrium
c. the left ventricle
d. the right ventricle *

Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the systemic circulation?
a. the left atrium
b. the right atrium
c. the left ventricle *
d. the right ventricle

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the pulmonary circulation?
a. the left atrium *
b. the right atrium
c. the left ventricle
d. the right ventricle

Which layer of the heart is composed of tough fibrous tissue?
a. the endocardium
b. the myocardium
c. the epicardium
d. the pericardium *

The endocardium is composed of
a. tough fibrous tissue
b. cardiac muscle
c. smooth, squamous endothelial cells *
d. ciliated, cuboidal epithelial cells

Which layer of the heart is composed of cardiac muscle?
a. the endocardium
b. the myocardium *
c. the epicardium
d. the pericardium


Blood vessels 1, Arteries and veins

An artery can be defined as a blood vessel which carries;
a. oxygenated blood
b. deoxygenated blood
c. blood towards the heart
d. away from the heart *

A vein can be defined as a blood vessel which carries;
a. oxygenated blood
b. deoxygenated blood
c. blood towards the heart *
d. away from the heart

Blood spurting from a cut indicates injury to;
a. veins
b. capillaries
c. arteries *
d. lymphatic afferent vessels

Which vessels are the most sensitive to pain?
a. veins
b. capillaries
c. arteries *
d. lymphatic afferent vessels

Heart 2, Blood flow is controlled by valves

The function of the mitral valve is to prevent reflux of blood from the;
a. right ventricle into the right atrium
b. right atrium into the right ventricle
c. left ventricle into the left atrium *
d. left atrium into the left ventricle

The function of the tricuspid valve is to prevent reflux of blood from the;
a. right ventricle into the right atrium *
b. right atrium into the right ventricle
c. left ventricle into the left atrium
d. left atrium into the left ventricle

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the inferior and superior vena cava?
the left atrium
the right atrium *
the left ventricle
the right ventricle

The ‘Dub’ noise is caused by the;
a. opening of the atrioventricular valves
b. closure of the atrioventricular valves
c. opening of the arterial valves
d. closure of the arterial valves *

Blood vessels 2, venous return

Which of the following structures contain valves to ensure one-way flow of blood?
a. pulmonary arteries
b. systemic veins *
c. systemic arteries
d. venules

Choose one true statement;
a. blood flows from central to peripheral veins
b. blood flows from proximal to distal leg veins
c. blood flows from deep to superficial veins
d. blood flows from superficial to deep veins *


Deep veins in the leg will drain blood into the;
a. superior vena cava
b. inferior vena cava *
c. jugular veins
d. left atrium

Which of the following is not a mechanism of venous return?
a. gravity
b. contraction of skeletal muscles
c. negative pressures in the abdomen generated by upward movement of the diaphragm during expiration
d. positive pressures in the abdomen generated by upward movement of the diaphragm during expiration *

Heart 3, Pulmonary and systemic circulation

Which of the following blood vessels contains relatively deoxygenated blood?
a. pulmonary vein
b. pulmonary artery *
c. aorta
d. carotid artery

Which of the following blood vessels conducts blood to the systemic circulation?
a. pulmonary vein
b. pulmonary artery
c. aorta *
d. carotid artery

Which vessel drains blood from the arms?
a. cephalic vein. *
b. femoral vein
c. hepatic portal vein
d. brachial artery

Which vessel drains into capillaries?
a. cephalic vein
b. femoral vein
c. hepatic portal vein *
d. brachial artery