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📢 Narrated by David McCallion

🎼 Music:
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📝 Sources:
Bartold, Vasily (1928). Turkestan Down to the Mongol Invasion (Trans. T. Minorsky & C.E. Bosworth)
Chen, Sanping (2012). Multicultural China in the Early Middle Ages
Golden, Peter B. (1990). “The Kharakhanids and early Islam” in The Cambridge
History of Early Inner Asia, vol. 1 (ed. Denis Sinor)
Hoberman, Barry (Sept/Oct. 1982). “The Battle of Talas” in Aramco World, vol. 33 no. 5
Ibn al-Athir, Ali (ca. 1231) The Complete History
Sima, Guang (1084). Zizhi Tongjian.
Soucek, Svak (2000). A History of Inner Asia
Starr, S. Frederick (2004). Xinjiang: China’s Muslim Borderland

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