Fade Mahmoud, MD
Associate Director, T.W. Lewis Melanoma Center of Excellence
Medical Oncologist
Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center

Neoadjuvant therapy, a relatively new approach in the treatment of melanoma, has shown promising results in improving patient outcomes. Melanoma, a type of skin cancer that can spread to other parts of the body, is known for its aggressive nature and resistance to traditional treatments. However, neoadjuvant therapy offers a potential solution by targeting the tumor before surgery.

The primary goal of neoadjuvant therapy is to shrink the tumor and make it more operable. This is achieved through various treatment modalities such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination thereof. By administering these therapies prior to surgery, doctors can assess their effectiveness and tailor further treatment accordingly.

One advantage of neoadjuvant therapy is that it allows for early intervention and potentially prevents metastasis. It also provides an opportunity to test different treatment options on individual patients and determine which one works best for them. Moreover, shrinking the tumor before surgery may increase the chances of complete removal during the operation.

Additionally, neoadjuvant therapy has been found to stimulate an immune response against cancer cells. Immunotherapy drugs like checkpoint inhibitors help activate the body's immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells more effectively. This approach not only targets the primary tumor but also helps eliminate any microscopic metastases that may be present.

Neoadjuvant therapy represents a significant advancement in melanoma treatment by addressing its aggressive nature and resistance to traditional therapies. By shrinking tumors before surgery and stimulating an immune response against cancer cells, this approach offers improved outcomes for patients with melanoma.