The first mention of the two names occurs in the Book of Ezekiel, where Gog is an individual and Magog is his land; in Genesis 10 Magog is a person,

Yajuj Majuj or Gog and Magog -Muslim Hadith
son of Japheth son of Noah, but no Gog is mentioned. In Revelation, Gog and Magog together are the hostile nations of the world.

Yajuj Majuj or Gog and Magog -Muslim Hadith
Gog or Goug the Reubenite[a] occurs in 1 Chronicles 5:4, but he appears to have no connection with the Gog of Ezekiel or Magog of Genesis.

Yajuj Majuj or Gog and Magog -Muslim Hadith
The form "Gog and Magog" may have emerged as shorthand for "Gog and/of the land of Magog", based on their usage in the Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.

Yajuj Majuj or Gog and Magog -Muslim Hadith
An example of this combined form in Hebrew (Gog u-Magog) has been found, but its context is unclear, being preserved only in a fragment of the Dead Sea Scrolls.

Yajuj Majuj or Gog and Magog -Muslim Hadith
The meaning of the name Gog remains uncertain, and in any case the author of the Ezekiel prophecy seems to attach no particular importance to it;
efforts have been made to identify him with various individuals, notably Gyges, a king of Lydia in the early 7th century BCE,
but many scholars do not believe he is related to any historical person. The name Magog is equally obscure, but may come from the Assyrian mat-Gugu,

Yajuj Majuj or Gog and Magog -Muslim Hadith
"Land of Gyges", i.e., Lydia. Alternatively, Gog may be derived from Magog rather than the other way round, and "Magog" may be code for Babylon.

Yajuj Majuj or Gog and Magog -Muslim Hadith
The Biblical "Gog and Magog" possibly gave derivation of the name Gogmagog, a legendary British giant.

Yajuj Majuj or Gog and Magog -Muslim Hadith
A later corrupted folk rendition in print altered the tradition around Gogmagog and Corineus with two giants Gog and Magog,
with whom the Guildhall statues came to be identified.
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