Lawrence Wright is the author of The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11 which won the 2007 Pulitzer Prize for general nonfiction and was named one of Time's top 100 books of all time. In this episode, released just before the 20th anniversary of the September 11th attacks, Lawrence and Peter discuss the book and the lasting impact of that day. Lawrence reflects on his personal experiences on that day and how he was first drawn into reporting on the attacks. Lawrence then discusses in detail the history that led up to 9/11 which is really composed of two parallel stories. The first story is of the growing discontent in Muslim countries, the roots of Islamic radicalism, and how two extremists, Osama bin Laden and Ayman al-Zawahiri, joined forces to create the global terrorist organization Al-Qaeda. The second story is about how interpersonal and institutional conflicts between the FBI and CIA led to a massive failure in intelligence and resulted in multiple missed opportunities to predict and prevent the attacks on September 11th, 2001. Finally, they reflect on what we should have learned from 9/11 and the future of terrorism.

We discuss:
00:00:00 - Intro
00:00:10 - Lawrence and Peter recount their personal experiences on September 11th, 2001
00:06:32 - How 9/11 changed the US into a security state and affected a generation
00:12:34 - Lawrence’s early coverage of 9/11 and how he knew it was going to be “the story of our lifetime”
00:21:18 - Egyptian politics and the foundation of radical Islam
00:33:09 - Anwar Sadat’s presidency, assassination, and the birth of the radical Islamic movement
00:52:54 - Aftermath of the Sadat assassination, and establishment of Al-Qaeda in Afghanistan
01:00:29 - Osama bin Laden: upbringing, involvement in the Soviet–Afghan War, and rise to celebrity status in Saudi Arabia
01:24:15 - How the Western intervention in Saudi Arabia impacted Arab nationalist’s hatred of America
01:29:58 - Theorizing on the role of the religion in holding back Islamic states from making progress towards democracy
01:43:28 - Bin Laden’s time in Sudan
01:48:53 - The CIA vs. the FBI: setting the stage for the failure of US intelligence
01:58:40 - The mistake by US intelligence of not taking the bombings of the US embassies and the USS Cole seriously
02:10:04 - Al-Qaeda in America: Losing the planners of the 9/11 attacks from our clutches and incompetence at the FBI and CIA
02:19:40 - Problematic policies in Europe, and a direct message warning of the 9/11 attacks
02:32:49 - The role of political infighting and personality conflicts that helped enable the 9/11 attacks and the lack of accountability
02:56:07 - What came of the 9/11 commission, the role of the Saudi government, and the trials of Ali Soufan
03:08:16 - Lessons from 9/11 and the future of terrorism

Show notes page: https://peterattiamd.com/lawrencewright/

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The Peter Attia Drive is a weekly, ultra-deep-dive podcast focusing on maximizing health, longevity, critical thinking…and a few other things. With over 30 million episodes downloaded, it features topics including fasting, ketosis, Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, mental health, and much more.

Peter is a physician focusing on the applied science of longevity. His practice deals extensively with nutritional interventions, exercise physiology, sleep physiology, emotional and mental health, and pharmacology to increase lifespan (delay the onset of chronic disease), while simultaneously improving healthspan (quality of life).

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