Why is there a Kingdom of Saudi Arabia? For centuries, external powers lorded over the Arabian peninsula, but there was one place, its center, that outsiders could never control, at least not fully. There, Arab clans operated with significant autonomy, and the greatest among them was the House of Saud. After allying themselves with a new, and radical, religious sect, they would spend two centuries trying, with various degrees of success, to forge a powerful state for themselves in Arabia. All of which would culminate in the conquests of Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud (better known in the West as Ibn Saud) who, after nearly 30 years of war, created Saudi Arabia in 1932.

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