Operation Overlord or D-Day, the Allied invasion of western Europe during World War II, was launched on June 6, 1944, with the simultaneous landing of U.S., British, and Canadian forces on five separate beachheads in Normandy, France. On June 6, 1944—the day of the Normandy landings—initiating the Western Allied effort to liberate western Europe from Nazi Germany
To give Overlord the best chance for success, Allied planners thought it would be helpful to set up decoy operations to trick or confuse the Germans. The code name for this deception was Operation Fortitude and it consisted of many different parts. Fortitude North involved a staged buildup of Allied forces in Scotland to mislead the Germans into thinking that the invasion would be aimed at Norway.

At dawn on D-Day, U.S. and British ships and landing craft carrying close to 160,000 troops lay off the Normandy beaches. Preliminary naval bombardment commenced at 05:45 and continued until 06:25 from 5 battleships, 20 cruisers, 65 destroyers, and 2 monitors. Infantry began arriving on the beaches at around 06:30.

The Normandy landings entailed the largest seaborne invasion in history, with nearly 5,000 landing and assault craft, 289 escort vessels, and 277 minesweepers.

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