How many times have you felt just a little spooked when the 4th wall was broken in a game or a movie? Today on Psych of Play, we’re going to be dissecting WHY that feeling is so bizarre and how deindividualization, the dual function of gaze, and the power of anonymity all play a part in making 4th wall breaks such a visceral sensation.

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-Spoiler Titles
Batman: Arkham Asylum (2009)
Doki Doki Literature Club (2017)
Bravely Second: End Layer (2015)
Metal Gear Solid (1998)
Undertale (2015)
Spec Ops: The Line (2012)
Assassin's Creed II (2009)
OneShot (2016) - Team OneShot
The Road to Morocco (1942)
Robin Hood: Men in Tights (1993)
Kiss Kiss Bang Bang (2003)
Spaceballs (1987)**
Deadpool (2016)

Derren Brown: The Experiments original video:    • Derren Brown: Remote Control | Derren...  

-Special thanks to these videos for reference!

   • The Evolution of Fourth Wall Breaking...  
   • The Milgram Experiment | THE HEIST | ...  
   • Top 10 4th Wall Breaks in Film  
   • How to Break the Fourth Wall  
   • Top 10 Fourth Wall Breaks in Video Games  
   • 4th Wall Breaks in Video Games  

-Games Shown

Red Dead Redemption 2 (2018) - Rockstar Games
Paper Mario The Thousand Year Door (2004) - Intelligent Systems, Nintendo
Fire Emblem: Three Houses (2019) - Intelligent Systems
The Messenger (2018) - Sabotage Studio
Kid Icarus: Uprising (2012) - Sora Ltd.
Batman: Arkham Asylum (2009) - Rocksteady **
Detroit Become Human (2018) - David Cage
Animal Crossing: City Folk (2008) - Nintendo
Doki Doki Literature Club (2017) - Team Salvato **
The Stanley Parable (2011) - Davey Wreden, Galactic Cafe
Bravely Second: End Layer (2015) - Silicon Studio **
Eternal Darkness (2002) - Silicon Knights
Metal Gear Solid (1998) - Konami **
X-Men (1993) - Western Technologies Inc.
Undertale (2015) - Toby Fox **
Spec Ops: The Line (2012) - YAGER Development GmbH **
Kirby 64: The Crystal Shards (2000) - Hal Laboratory
Dandara (2018) - Long Hat House
Radio the Universe (2018) - 6E6E6E
Assassin's Creed II (2009) - Ubisoft **
Tomb Raider (1996) - Core Design, Aspyr
OneShot (2016) - Team OneShot **

-Clips/Movies Shown

The Dark Knight (2008)
The Social Network (2011)
Key and Peele (2012)
Inside (2016) - PlayDead
Memento (2000)
Birdman (2014)
The Wedding Ringer (2015)
The Road to Morocco (1942)**
Robin Hood: Men in Tights (1993)**
Kiss Kiss Bang Bang (2003)**
Spaceballs (1987)**
Deadpool (2016)**
Wayne's World (2012)
Mean Girls (2004)
Mission: Impossible – Fallout (2018)
To All the Boys I've Loved Before (2018)
Psycho (1960)
I, Tonya (2018)
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982)
Mulan (1998)
Southpaw (2015)
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   • Best Fan Reactions - WWE Top 10  
   • Take Me to the River (2015) - Awkward...  
   • Kid Icarus Uprising Funny Moments - N...  
   • The really weird way to get to the la...  
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   • Under Armour: Will Makes Us Family  
   • Undercover Cops Catch a Bike Thief in...  
   • Video For Practicing Eye Contact - FO...  

-Music Sources:

Menu Music - Dishonored OST
Checker Dance - Deltarune OST
Reconstructing More Science (Alex Giudici Remix) V2 - Portal 2
When The Moon's Reaching Out Stars/Tokyo Daylight - Persona 3 & 5 OST
Hyrule field at night - Zelda Twilight Princess OST
Your Precious Moon (Alex Giudici Remix) - Portal 2
Here We Are - Undertale OST
Forest Temple (Arr. By Andrew De Lange) - Zelda - Ocarina of Time
Fly Me To The Moon (synthwave/80s instrumental remix) - Astrophysics

-Research Articles Cited

The Dual Function of Gaze http://eyethink.org/resources/lab_pap...

How is player immersion affected by breaking the fourth wall?
https://www.gamasutra.com/blogs/Barry...

Zimmardo Hooded shocks study
https://www.psychologicalscience.org/...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deindiv...

Derren Brown Deindividualization Masked “experiment”
   • Derren Brown: Remote Control | Derren...  

Online Disinhibition Effect
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1...

Eyes watching Bike Thieves
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/art...

[11] Audience Effect and Donating
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...

[12] MIrrors and Self-Awareness
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/...

[13] Child Candy Mirror’s Study
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1981-0...

[14] Security Cameras and cheating
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...


*All images, graphics, and fonts created or found with postermywall.com, Pexels.com, Videvo.net, and Lightworks v14 editing software. All gameplay footage captured with Elgato 60FPS recording device*

#PsychofPlay #4thWall