Scleral tattooing, also known as eyeball tattooing or corneal tattooing, is a procedure in which pigment is injected into the sclera, the white outer layer of the eye, to alter its color or appearance. The practice gained attention in recent years primarily as a form of body modification or cosmetic enhancement.

The procedure involves injecting colored ink or dye beneath the conjunctiva, the thin, transparent membrane that covers the sclera. This can be done using a needle or specialized equipment designed for this purpose. The injected pigment spreads out within the scleral tissue, causing a change in the eye's color.

While some individuals may seek scleral tattooing to achieve a unique or striking aesthetic, it's essential to recognize the significant risks associated with this practice. These risks include:

1. Vision impairment: Injecting pigment into the sclera can potentially damage delicate structures within the eye, leading to vision problems or even blindness. The injection process may cause injury to the cornea, iris, or other vital eye components, compromising visual function.

2. Infection: Any invasive procedure carries a risk of infection, and scleral tattooing is no exception. The introduction of foreign substances into the eye increases the likelihood of bacterial or fungal contamination, which can lead to serious eye infections and complications if left untreated.

3. Allergic reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to the pigments used in scleral tattooing. These reactions can range from mild irritation to severe inflammation and may require medical intervention to alleviate symptoms.

4. Irreversible damage: The effects of scleral tattooing are permanent and irreversible. Once the pigment is injected into the sclera, it cannot be easily removed or reversed. Any complications or dissatisfaction with the results may require extensive medical treatment or corrective surgery.

Due to these significant risks, scleral tattooing is generally discouraged by medical professionals and regulatory bodies. Many ophthalmologists and eye care specialists caution against undergoing this procedure and emphasize the importance of preserving eye health and safety.

In some jurisdictions, scleral tattooing may also be subject to legal restrictions or regulations to protect public health and safety. Individuals considering this procedure should carefully weigh the potential risks against the desired aesthetic outcomes and consult with qualified medical professionals before proceeding.