Pearl Harbor, so named because of the abundance of pearls once found within its protected waters, is the largest natural harbor in Hawaii.
On December 7, after months of planning and practice, the Japanese launched their attack. To catch the Americans by surprise, the ships maintained strict radio silence throughout their 3,500- mile trek from Hitokappu Bay to a predetermined launch sector 230 miles north of Oahu. At 6:00 a.m. on Sunday, December 7, a first wave of Japanese planes lifted off from the carriers, followed by a second wave an hour later. Led by Captain Mitsuo Fuchida, the pilots spotted land and assumed their attack positions around 7:30 a.m. Twenty-three minutes later, with his bomber perched above the unsuspecting American ships moored in pairs along Pearl Harbor’s "Battleship Row," Fuchida broke radio silence to shout, "Tora! Tora! Tora!" (Tiger! Tiger! Tiger!)—the coded message informing the Japanese fleet that they had caught the Americans by surprise.

The day following the attack on Pearl Harbor, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt addressed a joint session of Congress, seeking a declaration of war against Japan. In what would become one of his most memorable speeches, Roosevelt declared that December 7, 1941, would be "a date which will live in infamy."

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0:00 Introduction
0:06 BACKGROUND
2:28 JAPAN PLANS FOR WAR
5:26 SURPRISE ATTACK
8:54 NAVAL DISASTER

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