The circuit inside a microwave oven is a half-wave doubler, an incredibly inefficient design. How does it work? Why do we put them in microwaves?!

Huge thanks to Mehdi Sadaghdar (ElectroBOOM) for the consult:
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   • The Cosmic Illusion No One Talks About  
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TIME CODES

00:00 Cold Open
00:45 Half-Wave Rectifiers
01:44 Giant Transformer
02:42 Giant Capacitor
04:12 ElectroBOOM Rant
05:35 Low-Voltage Analog
06:32 Diodes
07:36 The Capacitor's Purpose
09:17 Half-Wave Doublers
10:20 Summary
10:54 Outro
11:28 Featured Comment
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Corrections:

01:32 "Utilization" would have been a better word than "efficiency." Half-wave rectifiers have a 50% utilization, not a 50% efficiency. They only utilize 50% of the provided voltage.

01:57 Phone chargers from the 1990s and early 2000s were simple transformers. Modern phone chargers are a more complicated design called an "Switch Mode Power Supply" or SMPS.