A burdei or bordei is a humble war time structure half dug out of the earth which is a combination of sod and logs. It is native to the Carpathian Mountains and early Eastern Europe. In Romania and Ukraine, the burdei was constructed to be a permanent house that could hold an entire family. It could even have multiple rooms including a fire room with a stove, a cellar, and even a living room.

Many early Ukrainian Canadian settlers used the bordei as their first home in Canada at the end of the 19th century. They were constructed by removing the top layer of sod, and then excavate to a good depth into the substrate. A roof was then constructed and covered with sod. Windows, doors, and wood stoves where then added to increase comfort. A raised platform was used as a bed.

In other cases the burdei was a temporary refuge until a solid home could be build using logs mud and straw with plaster plaster walls. Thus bordeis were easy and quick to build, but not very strong.

In this video, I see how long it takes to put one together, and how efficient and comfortable they are to live in.

Tamás Révész is a photographer born in Budapest 1946.
https://rofodia.oronk.hu/fenykeptar/r...

As a result of the fact that in the book, text and image come together in an organic unity, the photos are placed in the context of the concrete and real, the unique and the historical. Images are both more and less than metaphors. Not a single image wants to condense the idea that the gypsies were like this, or that this is what they have become, but like reading a comic book, the story has a beginning and an end (the very differentiated history of the gypsies in Hungary spanning several decades). However, the photos are from the present time, and if they were included in the first chapter of the book, they include images depicting poverty and social backwardness, as well as images evoking hopeful change and social equality. The picture is not a propaganda tool in the hands of Révész, he is not a hurrah-optimist, nor does he fear the legitimacy of political power, but he truly sympathizes with those whom he photographs and is excited for their human well-being, as if wanting to conjure up a better future. We can only really understand his pictures if we see the little girls dancing in the snow in front of the dirt hut side by side and the photo of the man returning home from work, tiredly sleeping on the train.

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Building a 'BORDEI' 19th Century WW1 Primitive House (1-Day Challenge) - Mud Hut, Tin Stove, Bed
I Built a Replica WAR TIME Primitive House 'BORDEI' - 19th Century Mud Hut, Tin Stove, Bed
I Built a Replica 19th Century WW1 BORDEI House!
I Built a REPLICA, WAR TIME Primitive House 'BORDEI' - 19th Century Mud Hut, Tin Stove, Bed

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"Self-Reliance" is an 1841 essay written by American transcendentalist philosopher and essayist Ralph Waldo Emerson. It contains the most thorough statement of one of Emerson's recurrent themes: the need for each individual to avoid conformity and false consistency, and follow his own instincts and ideas. This channel will approach self reliance from a modern perspective. and will focus on various build projects using modern amenities, and tools to build a completely self reliant lifestyle.

Many people ask me where I am from and where I film my projects. I am from Northern Ontario, Canada, and live in an area where off-grinding is easy because I have lots of land to build on and experiment with different buildings and materials. Everything I do is to try to be more self reliant, and to depend less on others. But that doesn't mean I don't like working together with other people on projects. Knowing people who have skills is part of being self reliant, and trading skills is a great way to get more things done!