Olympiad problems are challenging for most of us. But this one was considered "easy" for the students taking the test! (The oldest students are in high school, but have also been 13 year old students who have taken the test and gotten a gold medal).

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Sources
https://www.imo-official.org/problems...
https://www.imo-official.org/year_ind...
https://artofproblemsolving.com/commu...
https://mathproblems123.wordpress.com...
   • 2019 IMO Problem 1 Solution: Function...  

Quote
http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/v...

Further reading
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy%...
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/53...
https://academia.stackexchange.com/qu...

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