Published On May 17, 2013
W. R. Hamilton in 1846 famously carved the basic multiplicative laws of the four dimensional algebra of quaternions onto a bridge in Dublin during a walk with his wife. This represented a great breakthrough on an important problem he had been wrestling with: how to algebraically represent rotations of 3 dimensional space using some kind of analog of complex numbers for rotations of the plane.
This is the first of three lectures on this development, and here we set the stage by introducing complex numbers and explaining some of their natural links with rotations of the plane. There is a lot of information in this lecture, so by all means take it slowly, and break it up by pausing and absorbing the ideas before going further. In particular the last slide (page 9) could easily be stared at for an hour or two.
Even old hands at complex analysis may find something novel here to stimulate their thinking, as I insist on a completely logical and rational approach to mathematics--no waffling with angles or ``transcendental notions/functions'' involving ``real numbers''. In fact such a pure algebraic approach is exactly what is needed to set the stage for a good understanding of quaternions.
In particular you will learn that the most fundamental fact about complex numbers is properly stated using the notion of quadrance, that turns are a viable substitute for angles, and that the rational parametrization of a circle is intimately linked to a quadratic map at the level of complex numbers. These ideas will prepare us for appreciating the rotation problem in three dimensions, which we tackle in the next lecture, and then the introduction of quaternions, which we explain in the following one.
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Screenshot PDFs for my videos are available at the website http://wildegg.com. These give you a concise overview of the contents of the lectures for various Playlists: great for review, study and summary.
My research papers can be found at my Research Gate page, at https://www.researchgate.net/profile/...
My blog is at http://njwildberger.com/, where I will discuss lots of foundational issues, along with other things.
Online courses will be developed at openlearning.com. The first one, already underway is Algebraic Calculus One at https://www.openlearning.com/courses/... Please join us for an exciting new approach to one of mathematics' most important subjects!
If you would like to support these new initiatives for mathematics education and research, please consider becoming a Patron of this Channel at / njwildberger Your support would be much appreciated.
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Here are all the Insights into Mathematics Playlists:
Elementary Mathematics (K-6) Explained: / playlist
list=PL8403C2F0C89B1333
Year 9 Maths: • Year9Maths
Ancient Mathematics: • Ancient Mathematics
Wild West Banking: • Wild West Banking
Sociology and Pure Mathematics: • Sociology and Pure Mathematics
Old Babylonian Mathematics (with Daniel Mansfield): / playlist
list=PLIljB45xT85CdeBmQZ2QiCEnPQn5KQ6ov
Math History: • MathHistory: A course in the History ...
Wild Trig: Intro to Rational Trigonometry: • WildTrig: Intro to Rational Trigonometry
MathFoundations: • Math Foundations
Wild Linear Algebra: • Wild Linear Algebra
Famous Math Problems: • Famous Math Problems
Probability and Statistics: An Introduction: • Probability and Statistics: an introd...
Boole's Logic and Circuit Analysis: • Boole's Logic and Circuit Analysis
Universal Hyperbolic Geometry: • Universal Hyperbolic Geometry
Differential Geometry: • Differential Geometry
Algebraic Topology: • Algebraic Topology
Math Seminars: • MathSeminars
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And here are the Wild Egg Maths Playlists:
Triangle Centres: • ENCYCLOPEDIA OF TRIANGLE CENTERS
Six: An elementary course in pure mathematics: • Six: An elementary course in Pure Mat...
Algebraic Calculus One: • Algebraic Calculus One
Algebraic Calculus Two: • Algebraic Calculus Two
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