This is a planetary gear set, or you can call it an epicyclic gear.
It is used in reduction gear box and automatic transmission.
In a single stage planetary gear set, there is sun gear in centre , sun gear is powered by input shaft, multiple planet gears are installed on the carrier.
besides rotating itself ,these planet gears can orbit around the sun gear when ring gear is locked. Thus carrier rotates and transmits power to the output shaft.
The biggest advantage of planetary gear set is that input and output shaft remains in coaxial form by its design and both shaft rotates at same direction. but output shaft rotates at much slower speed while delivering huge torque output .
Lets find the gear ratio of different gear set.
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