You may have heard of PCOS, or polycystic ovary syndrome, before, but how do you know if your teen has it? Sarah Garwood, MD, a Washington University pediatrician at St. Louis Children’s Hospital, talks about the signs and symptoms of PCOS, and ways to treat it.
With PCOS, the ovaries make too many androgen hormones, causing the following symptoms in teens:
• Irregular or missed periods
• Excess body hair
• Weight gain around the belly
• Acne or oily skin
• Loss of hair on the head
• Skin tags on neck or armpits
• Dark or thick skin patches

The cause of PCOS is not fully understood, but there are some genetic factors because PCOS seems to run in families.

Treating PCOS focuses on treatment of the specific symptoms. Oral contraceptive pills that contain both estrogen- and progesterone-type hormones are often used to treat abnormal menstrual cycles. Acne can be treated with typical acne medications. Excess body hair can be removed through cosmetic methods like shaving or waxing. In patients who are overweight, losing weight may decrease insulin resistance and improve the PCOS symptoms.

People with PCOS may not ovulate, or release eggs from the ovaries, regularly. Small cysts in the ovaries can develop as a result. These can be seen on the ultrasound and can help make the diagnosis in adults. However, in teens, cysts on the ovaries are common and not used to make this diagnosis.

If you or your child are experiencing irregular periods, find a BJC-affiliated gynecologist or pediatrician today at https://findadoctor.bjc.org/find-doct...

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The St. Louis Children’s Hospital YouTube station is intended as a reference and information source only. If you suspect you have a health problem, you should seek immediate care with the appropriate health care professionals. The information on this website is not a substitute for professional care, and must not be used for self-diagnosis or treatment. For help finding a doctor, St. Louis Children's Hospital Answer Line may be of assistance at 314.454.KIDS (5437). The opinions expressed in these videos are those of the individual writers, not necessarily St. Louis Children's Hospital or Washington University School of Medicine. BJC HealthCare and Washington University School of Medicine assume no liability for the information contained in this website or for its use.